WATER LEVEL SENSOR MODULE

🔹 Water Sensor / Rain Detection Module – Leak & Liquid Presence Detector

A practical, conductivity-based sensor module designed to detect water presence, rain, or liquid leakage. With both analog and digital outputs, it’s perfect for smart home alarms, weather stations, plant monitors, and any project requiring simple liquid detection.

✅ Specifications:

• Detection Method: Conductivity via exposed parallel electrodes

• Output Signals:

  • Analog (AO): Variable voltage proportional to water coverage

  • Digital (DO): High/Low signal (adjustable trigger threshold)

• Operating Voltage: 3.3V – 5V DC

• Operating Current: < 20mA

• Module Dimensions: ~ 40mm x 16mm (PCB, typical)

• Sensor Area: ~ 40mm x 16mm (exposed copper trace region)

• Interface: 3-pin or 4-pin header (VCC, GND, AO, DO)

• Adjustability: On-board potentiometer to calibrate digital trigger sensitivity

• Compatibility: Arduino, Raspberry Pi (with ADC), ESP8266, ESP32, other microcontrollers

⚙️ Key Features:

• Dual Output Flexibility: Use AO for nuanced water level estimation or DO for simple on/off alerts.

• Plug-and-Play: No external drivers or complex code needed. Simple voltage reading or digital input.

• Adjustable Detection Threshold: Fine-tune the sensitivity of the digital output to ignore condensation or trigger at specific water coverage.

• Compact & Lightweight: Easy to mount in enclosures, trays, or outdoor settings.

• Low Power Consumption: Suitable for battery-powered monitoring projects.

📦 Typical Applications:

• Leak & Flood Detection: Under sinks, near water heaters, basements, or in irrigation control boxes.

• Rain/Snow Sensing: Automatic window closers, weather stations, or smart garden systems.

• Plant Soil Moisture Monitoring: (Note: not recommended for long-term soil immersion due to corrosion).

• Liquid Level Alarm: In tanks, reservoirs, or pet water bowls.

• DIY Electronics & Education: Simple projects to learn about sensors, analog signals, and conditional logic.

🔧 Wiring & Usage Guide (with Arduino Example):

1. Connections:

   • VCC → 5V

   • GND → GND

   • AO → Analog Pin (e.g., A0)

   • DO → Digital Pin (e.g., D2)

2. Basic Code Logic:

   • Analog: Read analogRead(A0). Value decreases with more water.

   • Digital: Read digitalRead(D2). LOW typically means water detected (if configured).

3. Calibration: Adjust the potentiometer on the module so the DO LED lights up (and pin goes LOW) only when your desired water level is reached.

⚠️ Important Limitations & Care:

• Corrosion Warning: The exposed traces will oxidize and corrode over time, especially in non-clean water. For long-term projects, consider applying a conformal coating (e.g., clear nail polish, silicone) or using a capacitive/photoelectric sensor instead.

• Water Quality Sensitivity: Conductivity varies with water purity. Distilled water may not be detected.

• Not for Precise Measurement: This is a presence/approximate level detector, not a precision hydrostatic or ultrasonic sensor.

• Voltage: Do not exceed 5V to avoid damaging the sensor circuitry.