2pcs 220uf 16v capacitor

🔹 2PCS 220µF 16V Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor (Radial)

General-purpose radial aluminum electrolytic capacitors valued at 220 microfarads with a 16-volt DC rating. Essential components for power supply filtering, smoothing, and energy storage in a wide range of low to medium-voltage electronic circuits.

✅ Specifications:

• Capacitance: 220 Microfarads (µF)

• Rated Voltage (VDC): 16V

• Tolerance: ±20% (Standard for electrolytics)

• Type: Aluminum Electrolytic, Radial Leads

• Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C or +105°C (check datasheet)

• Leakage Current: Low (specified by manufacturer)

• Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR): Moderate (varies by series)

• Lead Spacing: Typically 2.5mm, 3.5mm, or 5mm (check physical size)

• Diameter x Height: ~ 6mm x 11mm to 8mm x 12mm (common size)

• Polarity: Polarized – Negative (-) lead marked by a stripe/band on the can

• Quantity: 2 pieces

⚙️ Key Features:

• High Capacitance in Small Size: Provides substantial charge storage for smoothing voltage ripples.

• Radial Design: Easy to mount vertically on PCBs, saving board space.

• Cost-Effective: The most economical solution for achieving high capacitance values.

• Widely Available: A standard value used in countless power supply and audio circuits.

📦 Typical Applications:

• Power Supply Filtering: Primary input/output filter on 5V, 9V, or 12V DC-DC converters, linear regulators, and battery-powered circuits.

• Voltage Smoothing: Smoothing the rectified output in AC-DC power supplies.

• Audio Coupling & Decoupling: DC blocking (AC coupling) between amplifier stages and decoupling power rails in audio equipment.

• Microcontroller & IC Decoupling: Placed near power pins to provide local energy reserves and suppress noise.

• General Energy Storage: Buffering power for motors, LEDs, or other pulsed loads to prevent voltage sag.

🔧 Mounting & Polarity:

1. Polarity is Critical: The negative (-) lead is shorter and aligns with the colored stripe or band on the capacitor’s body. The PCB footprint will have a + sign for the positive pad.

2. PCB Insertion: Insert leads into the correct polarity pads. The capacitor body usually sits flush against the board.

3. Soldering: Apply heat quickly to avoid transferring excess heat to the internal electrolyte.

4. Voltage Derating: For reliability, it is good practice to use a capacitor with a voltage rating at least 1.5 to 2 times your circuit’s maximum operating voltage. For a 5V circuit, a 16V rating is excellent. For a 12V circuit, consider a 25V or 35V capacitor.

⚠️ Important Limitations & Care:

• Polarity Warning: Reversing voltage will cause the capacitor to fail catastrophically, potentially venting electrolyte or exploding. Always double-check polarity.

• Lifespan: Electrolytic capacitors have a finite lifespan (e.g., 1000-5000 hours at max temperature). Lifespan doubles for every 10°C decrease in operating temperature. Avoid placing near heat sources.

• Leakage Current: All electrolytics have some DC leakage, which can be a factor in very high-impedance circuits.

• ESR & Ripple Current: In switching power supplies, ensure the capacitor’s ripple current rating is sufficient for the application to avoid overheating.