How to Blink an LED with Arduino

🔌 Getting Started with Electronics: Blinking LED with Arduino

🎯 Goal

Learn how to make an LED blink using an Arduino. This is the “Hello, World!” of electronics.

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🧰 What You Need

Component	Quantity
Arduino Uno/Nano	1
LED (any color)	1
Resistor (220Ω)	1
Breadboard	1
Jumper wires	3-4
USB cable (for Arduino)	1

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🔧 Wiring Diagram

1. Connect LED:
   • Long leg (anode) → Breadboard → Jumper wire → Arduino pin 13 Short leg (cathode) → Resistor → Breadboard → Arduino GND
   Arduino Pin 13 ──> LED (+) LED (–) ──> 220Ω Resistor ──> GND

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💻 Arduino Code

Open the Arduino IDE and upload the following code:

void setup() {
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Set pin 13 as output
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Turn LED ON
  delay(1000);            // Wait 1 second
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // Turn LED OFF
  delay(1000);            // Wait 1 second
}

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🔍 Explanation

• setup() runs once when the board turns on.
• loop() runs continuously.
• digitalWrite(pin, HIGH/LOW) controls voltage to the pin.
• delay(milliseconds) pauses the code for a while.

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✅ What You Learn

• Basic circuit building (LED + resistor)
• Arduino pin control
• Writing and uploading code to a microcontroller